|
Sub-Roman Britain is a term derived from an archaeological label for the material culture of Great Britain in Late Antiquity. The term "Sub-Roman" was invented to describe the potsherds in sites of the 5th and 6th century, initially with an implication of decay of locally-made wares from a higher standard under the Roman Empire. It is now often used to denote a period of history; the term "post-Roman Britain" is also used for the period, mainly in non-archaeological contexts. Although the culture of Britain in the period was mainly derived from Roman and Celtic sources, there were also Saxons settled as ''foederati'' in the area, originally from Saxony in northwestern Germany, although the term 'Saxon' was used by the British for all Germanic incomers. Gradually the latter assumed more control (see Anglo-Saxon England). The Picts in northern Scotland were outside the applicable area. ==Meaning of terms== The period of sub-Roman Britain traditionally covers the history of the area which subsequently became England from the end of Roman imperial rule in the very early fifth century to the arrival of Saint Augustine in AD 597. The date taken for the end of this period is arbitrary in that the sub-Roman culture continued in the West of England (see Cornwall and Cumbria) and in Wales. This period has attracted a great deal of academic and popular debate, in part because of the scarcity of the written source material. The term "post-Roman Britain" is also used for the period, mainly in non-archaeological contexts; "sub-Roman" and "post-Roman" are both terms that apply to the old Roman province of Britannia, i.e. Britain south of the Forth-Clyde line. The history of the area between Hadrian's Wall and the Forth-Clyde line is unclear ''(see Rheged, Bernicia)''. North of the line lay an area inhabited by tribes about whom so little is known that we resort to calling them by a generic name: Picts. The term "Late Antiquity", implying wider horizons, is finding more use in the academic community, especially when transformations of classical culture common throughout the post-Roman West are examined; it is less successfully applied to Britain at the time. The period may also be considered as part of the early Middle Ages, if continuity with the following periods is stressed. Popular (and some academic) works use a range of more dramatic names for the period: the Dark Ages, the Brythonic Age, the Age of Tyrants, or the Age of Arthur.〔John Morris, ''The Age of Arthur'' (1973) is his title for a popular history of the British Isles from 350 to 650.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sub-Roman Britain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|